{"product_id":"ammonium-hydroxide-28-30-solution-acs-grade-1-pint-1-gallon","title":"Ammonium Hydroxide 28 to 30% Solution, ACS Grade","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWhat it is.\u003c\/strong\u003e Ammonium hydroxide, also called ammonia solution, aqueous ammonia, or ammonia water, is ammonia gas dissolved in water. This ACS reagent-grade solution contains 28.0 to 30.0% NH3, the most concentrated grade for routine lab use, and meets American Chemical Society limits for chloride, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, iron, heavy metals, and other impurities.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHow strong it is.\u003c\/strong\u003e At 28 to 30% NH3 and a density of about 0.90 g\/mL, the solution is roughly 14.5 to 15 molar as NH3 with a pH above 12. Expressed as ammonium hydroxide rather than ammonia, a 28% NH3 solution corresponds to about 56.6% NH4OH by weight, which explains why labels and methods sometimes quote different percentages for the same product.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWeak base chemistry.\u003c\/strong\u003e In water, ammonia reacts partially to form ammonium and hydroxide ions, with a base dissociation constant of about 1.8 x 10^-5 (pKb about 4.75). As a weak base, it neutralizes acids to form ammonium salts and, paired with those salts, forms buffers near pH 9 to 10.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMetal complexes in analysis.\u003c\/strong\u003e Ammonia forms soluble ammine complexes with copper, silver, nickel, zinc, and cobalt. Copper(II) gives the deep blue tetraamminecopper ion, and silver chloride dissolves as the diamminesilver complex. These reactions form the basis of classic qualitative analysis separations and metal-recovery steps.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity you can document.\u003c\/strong\u003e ACS reagent ammonium hydroxide is held to low limits on the impurities that interfere with trace and titration work, including chloride (0.5 ppm max), iron (0.2 ppm max), heavy metals (0.5 ppm max), carbon dioxide (0.002% max), and residue after ignition (0.002% max), plus a substances-reducing-permanganate test. Those limits make it suitable for buffers and blanks in analytical methods.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTwo sizes for different workloads.\u003c\/strong\u003e The 1 pint size (ZA1303-16) suits occasional bench work, buffer preparation, and teaching labs. The 1 gallon size (ZA1303-128) supports labs that use concentrated ammonia every day for titrations, pH control, precipitation, or cleaning, and reduces how often stock must be reordered.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVolatility and odor.\u003c\/strong\u003e Ammonia readily escapes from open liquid, especially when warm, building pressure inside closed containers, gradually lowering concentration, and creating a strong, irritating odor. NIOSH recommends keeping ammonia exposure below 25 ppm averaged over a work shift, so concentrated work belongs in a fume hood.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWhere it is used.\u003c\/strong\u003e Analysts combine it with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/products\/ammonium-chloride-acs-500gm-za1270-450\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eAmmonium Chloride, ACS Grade\u003c\/a\u003e to make the pH 10 buffer for EDTA hardness titrations, use it to precipitate iron and aluminum hydroxides in gravimetric methods, and adjust pH in sample preparation. In semiconductor processing, it is a component of the SC-1 (RCA) clean, mixed with hydrogen peroxide and water to remove organic and particle contamination. Dilute with Lab Pro's \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/products\/water-deionized-d-i-18mohm-reagent-grade-acs-grade-type-i-1-gallon-5-gallon-55-gallon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eDeionized Water, ACS Type I\u003c\/a\u003e to prepare working strengths.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eTechnical Specifications\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #cfcfcf; margin-bottom:28px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChemical Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmmonium hydroxide solution\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1336-21-6\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEC Number\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e215-647-6\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePubChem CID\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e14923\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmmonia solution, aqueous ammonia, ammonia water, aqua ammonia\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormula\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNH4OH (NH3 in H2O)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e35.05 g\/mol\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eACS reagent\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAssay\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e28.0 to 30.0% NH3\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApproximate Molarity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e14.5 to 15 M\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDensity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbout 0.90 g\/mL at 20 °C\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003epH\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbove 12\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAppearance\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClear, colorless liquid\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOdor\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrong, pungent ammonia odor\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSolubility\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMiscible with water\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChloride (Cl)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.5 ppm max (ACS)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeavy Metals (as Pb)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.5 ppm max (ACS)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIron (Fe)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.2 ppm max (ACS)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarbon Dioxide (CO2)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.002% max (ACS)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResidue after Ignition\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.002% max (ACS)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:32%; background:#f5f5f5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePackage Sizes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border:1px solid #cfcfcf; padding:8px 12px; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1 pint; 1 gallon\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eAvailable Variants\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eZA1303-16 (AH9030-500):\u003c\/strong\u003e 1 pint size for bench use, teaching labs, and buffer preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eZA1303-128 (AH9030-38):\u003c\/strong\u003e 1 gallon size for daily, higher-volume use.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eApplications \/ Common Uses\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEDTA titration buffer:\u003c\/strong\u003e Combined with ammonium chloride to make the pH 10 buffer for calcium and magnesium hardness titrations.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMetal hydroxide precipitation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Precipitates iron, aluminum, and other metals in gravimetric and separation methods.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003epH adjustment:\u003c\/strong\u003e Raises pH in formulations where a volatile base that leaves no metal residue is preferred.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGlassware and wafer cleaning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Used in alkaline cleaning solutions, including ammonia-peroxide mixtures in semiconductor processing.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSynthesis:\u003c\/strong\u003e Serves as an ammonia source for ammonium salts, amines, and metal ammine complexes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eStorage, Handling \u0026amp; Shipping\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCaution\u003c\/strong\u003e: Ammonium hydroxide 28 to 30% causes severe skin burns and eye damage, releases irritating ammonia vapor, and is toxic to aquatic life. Open containers slowly in a fume hood, since pressure can build inside. Never mix with bleach or other hypochlorite or chlorine sources, which release toxic chloramine gas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStore ammonium hydroxide tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated corrosives area, away from heat and direct sunlight, which drive off ammonia gas and build pressure in closed containers. Keep it separate from acids, oxidizers, halogens, and bleach, and away from copper, brass, zinc, and aluminum fittings, which it corrodes. Let warm stock cool before opening, then open it slowly in a fume hood with your face turned away.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIncompatible materials:\u003c\/strong\u003e Acids, strong oxidizers, halogens, hypochlorite (bleach), copper, brass, zinc, aluminum, and silver compounds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExposure limits (ammonia):\u003c\/strong\u003e OSHA PEL 50 ppm TWA; NIOSH REL 25 ppm TWA, 35 ppm STEL.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpill response:\u003c\/strong\u003e Evacuate the area, ventilate, and absorb small spills with an inert absorbent or base-neutralizing spill product. Keep vapors out of drains and confined spaces.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFirst aid:\u003c\/strong\u003e Skin or eyes: flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Inhalation: move to fresh air.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGHS signal word:\u003c\/strong\u003e Danger. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage; may cause respiratory irritation; toxic to aquatic life (H400).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDOT \/ shipping:\u003c\/strong\u003e UN2672, Ammonia solution, Class 8, Packing Group III.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eRelated Categories \u0026amp; Services\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShop \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/collections\/bases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eBases\u003c\/a\u003e for related products in this category.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplore \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/collections\/acs-grade-laboratory-chemicals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eACS Grade Laboratory Chemicals\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/collections\/inorganic-chemicals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eInorganic Chemicals\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/pages\/be-a-lab-pro-vmi-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eVendor Managed Inventory (VMI) Program\u003c\/a\u003e: Lab Pro can stock, track, and replenish this item on site so it never runs out. Contact info@labproinc.com or 888-452-2776 to set up a VMI assessment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eRelated Articles\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/blogs\/chemicals-and-solvents\/top-uses-of-ammonium-hydroxide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eTop Industrial Uses of Ammonium Hydroxide\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/blogs\/news\/bleach-and-ammonia-reaction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eBleach and Ammonia Reaction: Risks, Symptoms, Prevention\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/labproinc.com\/blogs\/news\/chemical-dilution-calculator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eChemical Dilution Calculator: Acid \u0026amp; Solvent Guide\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Lab Pro Inc","offers":[{"title":"1 Pint","offer_id":67674934673557,"sku":"ZA1303-16","price":40.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Gallon","offer_id":67674934706325,"sku":"ZA1303-128","price":92.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0757\/2327\/6437\/files\/MainImage_62c87212-7ba4-4515-9cc3-ee1ab5ae9ddf.png?v=1791838647","url":"https:\/\/labproinc2.myshopify.com\/products\/ammonium-hydroxide-28-30-solution-acs-grade-1-pint-1-gallon","provider":"Lab Pro Inc Plus","version":"1.0","type":"link"}